Cardiac surgery involves surgery on the heart or heart valves. A cardiac surgeon performs heart surgery, also known as coronary artery bypass surgery, on patients who have heart disease or heart valve disorders. Reasons that may make heart surgery necessary are: coronary artery disease, congenital heart defects, disease of the heart valves, or heart attack. Some heart conditions can cause permanent damage to the heart muscle, and can be fatal.

New Hampshire was one of the original thirteen colonies. Summer water sports abound on New Hampshire’s coastline and its many lakes, and in winter, skiing, snowmobiling, and ice fishing are popular activities. The capital is Concord, though Manchester is the largest city. New Hampshire achieved statehood in 1788, and its present population is 1,309,940. In Concord, visit the Christa McAuliffe Planetarium, or tour one of the many galleries, museums, historic sites, theaters or covered bridges elsewhere in the state.

According to 2005 Census estimates, New Hampshire has a population of 1,309,940. Of this population, 297,594 are under the age of 18 and 162,507 are at or above the age of 65.