Pediatric hematology/oncology is the study and treatment of blood disorders and cancer in infants, children and adolescents. A pediatric hematologist-oncologist is a physician who specializes in treating children with chemotherapy, and consults with other physicians to coordinate other methods of cancer treatments. This specialist uses a background of pediatrics, hematology and oncology to recognize and manage pediatric blood disorders and cancerous diseases.

Doctor density varies by specialty and location. The United States has 2,137 practicing pediatric hematologists / oncologists. Broken out by state, pediatric hematology / oncology doctor density in Alabama is 25, in Alaska is 1, in Arizona is 31, in Arkansas is 11, in California is 287, in Colorado is 32, in Connecticut is 29, in Delaware is 15, in District of Columbia is 63, in Florida is 84, in Georgia is 53, in Hawaii is 12, in Idaho is 4, in Illinois is 84, in Indiana is 40, in Iowa is 24, in Kansas is 14, in Kentucky is 13, in Louisiana is 27, in Maine is 12, in Maryland is 76, in Massachusetts is 124, in Michigan is 64, in Minnesota is 48, in Mississippi is 10, in Missouri is 48, in Montana is 3, in Nebraska is 12, in Nevada is 9, in New Hampshire is 4, in New Jersey is 75, in New Mexico is 10, in New York is 206, in North Carolina is 69, in North Dakota is 4, in Ohio is 117, in Oklahoma is 14, in Oregon is 22, in Pennsylvania is 144, in Rhode Island is 11, in South Carolina is 28, in South Dakota is 5, in Tennessee is 77, in Texas is 179, in Utah is 21, in Vermont is 3, in Virginia is 45, in Washington is 43, in West Virginia is 7, and in Wisconsin is 43.