Pediatric infectious disease medicine is the science and treatment of infectious disease in infants, children and adolescents. A pediatric infectious disease physician is a pediatrician who deals with infectious diseases of all types in children, including respiratory infections, HIV, parasitic infections, and some allergies. This specialist deals with infectious and communicable diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. In some cases, the physician may use preventive medicine; in other cases, antibiotics may be prescribed for the young patient.

Doctor density varies by specialty and location. The United States has 1,061 practicing pediatric infectious disease medicine doctors. Broken out by state, pediatric infectious disease medicine doctor density in Alabama is 24, in Arizona is 8, in Arkansas is 7, in California is 141, in Colorado is 19, in Connecticut is 21, in Delaware is 3, in District of Columbia is 31, in Florida is 54, in Georgia is 29, in Hawaii is 6, in Idaho is 1, in Illinois is 37, in Indiana is 14, in Iowa is 5, in Kansas is 5, in Kentucky is 9, in Louisiana is 20, in Maine is 4, in Maryland is 53, in Massachusetts is 74, in Michigan is 26, in Minnesota is 25, in Mississippi is 10, in Missouri is 39, in Montana is 1, in Nebraska is 5, in Nevada is 6, in New Hampshire is 3, in New Jersey is 36, in New Mexico is 5, in New York is 116, in North Carolina is 34, in North Dakota is 1, in Ohio is 45, in Oklahoma is 7, in Oregon is 11, in Pennsylvania is 53, in Rhode Island is 8, in South Carolina is 13, in South Dakota is 1, in Tennessee is 39, in Texas is 91, in Utah is 4, in Vermont is 2, in Virginia is 23, in Washington is 30, in West Virginia is 5, in Wisconsin is 11, and in Wyoming is 1.