Urology pertains to diagnosing and treating disorders of the urinary tract or urogenital system. The urinary tract consists of organs and tubes that produce and excrete urine. The urogenital system refers to the organs and functions involved in excretion and reproduction.

Physicians in this specialty treat patients suffering from numerous diseases and illnesses, but some of the most common are Incontinence, Impotency, Sterilization, Sexual Dysfunctions, Kidney stones, Infertility, bladder disorders, Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), Benign prostatic hyperplasia, Urinary tract infection, Prostate cancer, Erectile dysfunction (impotence), Prostatitis, Male infertility, Urinary incontinence, Testicular cancer, Bladder cancer, Cystitis, Frequent urination, and Bladder stones.

Once properly diagnosed, practitioners can perform numerous procedures on patients including Seed Implant (Brachtherapy), Circumcision, Vasectomy, Non-Incisional Sterilization, Brachytherapy, Lithotripsy, Kidney Biopsy, Bladder reconstruction, Prostate Biopsy, Nerve-sparing prostatectomy, Kidney Transplantation, Cryosurgical treatment, Robot-assisted nephrectomy and prostatectomy, Retrograde Pyelogram, and Radical perineal prostatectomy.

To diagnose patients with possible illnesses and diseases, specialists will often perform one of many tests including Computed Tomography (CT or CAT) Scan of the Kidney, Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder X-ray, Cystoscopy, Kidney Ultrasound, Uroflowmetry, Cystometry, Kidney Scan, Intravenous Pyelogram, Retrograde Cystography, Renal Venogram, Prostate / Rectal Sonogram, Retrograde Pyelogram, Cystography, Uroscopy, Renal Angiogram, and Antegrade Pyelogram.

Doctor density varies by specialty and location. Indiana has 247 practicing urologists. Broken out by city, urology doctor density in Anderson is 24, in Angola is 6, in Auburn is 4, in Avon is 11, in Bedford is 6, in Beech Grove is 2, in Bloomington is 7, in Bluffton is 3, in Bremen is 4, in Brownsburg is 2, in Carmel is 28, in Charlestown is 2, in Columbia City is 2, in Columbus is 6, in Connersville is 1, in Crawfordsville is 6, in Crown Point is 1, in Danville is 5, in Decatur is 2, in Dyer is 1, in East Chicago is 1, in Elkhart is 5, in Elwood is 1, in Evansville is 12, in Fishers is 1, in Fort Wayne is 20, in Frankfort is 1, in Franklin is 4, in Gary is 3, in Goshen is 6, in Granger is 3, in Greencastle is 1, in Greenfield is 5, in Greenwood is 11, in Hammond is 2, in Highland is 1, in Hobart is 3, in Huntingburg is 2, in Huntington is 1, in Indianapolis is 71, in Jasper is 3, in Jeffersonville is 11, in Kendallville is 3, in Knox is 2, in Kokomo is 3, in La Porte is 3, in Lafayette is 5, in Lawrenceburg is 11, in Lebanon is 6, in Linton is 1, in Logansport is 1, in Madison is 1, in Marion is 3, in Martinsville is 6, in Merrillville is 18, in Michigan City is 5, in Milroy is 2, in Mishawaka is 2, in Mooresville is 5, in Muncie is 4, in Munster is 12, in New Albany is 15, in New Carlisle is 1, in New Castle is 3, in Newburgh is 2, in Noblesville is 12, in North Vernon is 1, in Paoli is 3, in Peru is 1, in Plymouth is 4, in Portage is 2, in Portland is 1, in Princeton is 2, in Richmond is 5, in Rochester is 1, in Rushville is 2, in Saint John is 3, in Scottsburg is 1, in Seymour is 2, in South Bend is 7, in Spencer is 2, in Sullivan is 2, in Tell City is 1, in Terre Haute is 5, in Valparaiso is 6, in Vincennes is 3, in Wabash is 1, in Warsaw is 3, in Washington is 1, in Winamac is 2, and in Winchester is 1.

Indiana’s population is 6,271,973, and most of the state’s population is located in the north, near the Lake Michigan shoreline, and is part of the greater metro Chicago area. Indiana became a state in 1816, and boasts many historical sites and covered bridges, numerous state parks and forests, hunting and fishing, and a variety of golf courses. Centrally located Indianapolis is home to the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, hosting the world-famous 500-mile auto race every year. This capital and largest city of Indiana also hosts a Civil War museum, a planetarium, and the Indiana Historical Society, among many other attractions.

According to 2005 Census estimates, Indiana has a population of 6,271,973. Of this population, 1,566,280 are under the age of 18 and 774,303 are at or above the age of 65.